Tuesday, December 24, 2019

Conflicts The Unspoken And The Unseen - 1473 Words

Conflicts the Unspoken and the Unseen Conflicts in the workplace can lead to serious issues. Many times problems can be resolved with communication and openness of ones feelings about the disagreement at hand. The lack of communication leaves the door open triggering thoughts and feelings to escalate into a dangerous situation. Alexandra is a day shift nurse on a busy medical surgical unit and has a conflict with the night shift nurse Nancy. Alexandra’s feelings towards Nancy are she does not accomplish her nightly responsibilities and those tasks are left for her to complete when she starts her shift. Nancy feels overwhelmed with all her nightly duties and struggles with completing her tasks; her reasoning’s are lack of ancillary staff, and an overwhelming amount of work to accomplish before the day shift arrives to take over. Neither of the two nurses has communicated their feelings and the issue at hand has started to heighten into a lack of respect for each other. N ancy feels that nothing she does is good enough for Alexandra and Alexandra feel that Nancy is not competent in her time management skills. The night shift nurses do not have nursing assistants to help with duties and are assigned extra tasks like stocking and quality checks on batteries. The day shift nurses have ancillary staff and are not assigned tasks similar to the night shift, but are frequently dealing with management and administration. Different conflicts may need different solutions although mostShow MoreRelatedCharles Baxter s The Art Of Subtext848 Words   |  4 Pages the reader is to read between the lines. The key to this is using a lot of detail which is crucial to providing the information. This is something important that I need to incorporate in my own writing. More detail in my writing concerning the unspoken things will allow the reader to see the evolution of the narrator’s state of mind. A twitch of an eye or how close my antagonist stands to his or her potential victims may give more insight to the sense of mental decay that I aim for in my mostRead MoreWhat Is A State Of Being : Independently Tied To A Collective1588 Words   |  7 PagesA State of Being: Independently Tied to a Collective Within the convolutedly systematic confines of society, it is often difficult to precisely define the place of an individual. The oft unspoken relationship between a community and its individual members is complicated, to say the least. Disregarding the nuances between each individual’s experiences, all members of society is constantly participating in a cycle of give and gain, where their input draws from the community some sort of reward, intangibleRead MoreMovie Analysis : Fun Home And The Short Film Pariah1348 Words   |  6 Pagesa perfectly respectable familial faà §ade to the external world even as the complications of Bruce Bechdel’s sexual appetites and inclinations threaten to tear the family apart internally. Likewise, Alike’s gender identity and sexuality creates a conflict in her family as they try to uphold middle-class respectability. In both contexts, respectability intersects with normativity and performance of normativity, however, both tex ts also challenge assumptions about the ways in which respectability politicsRead MoreMoby Dick, By Edgar Melville1981 Words   |  8 Pagesinfuriating dilemmas is the fact that the whale will not face him. He has sailed out into the abyss armed for a war, only to be met with a maddening game of hide-and-seek. After taking a vow with his crew to hunt Moby Dick to his death, he raves to the unseen whale, I will not say as schoolboys do to bullies, –Take some one of your own size; don t pommel me! No, ye ve knocked me down, and I am up again; but ye have run and hidden (Melville 143). Melville had the same complaint against God. TheRead MoreAnalysis Of Maus By Art Speigelman And Film The Best Years Of Our Life 2015 Words   |  9 Pagesbut can also be defined as a battle against an opponent. War impacts people differently based on the events taking place. Traumas from being a victim or perpetuator can affect those individuals’ emotionally, mentally and physically. Hence, the conflicts can alter life drastically; when we look at the battle, we tend to disregard the effect of the perpetrator also known as the soldier who fought in the war and the victims who experienced the tragedy as bystanders, instead the focus is more on theRead MoreE.E. Cummings and his Life as a Poet Essay1967 Words   |  8 Pagesfourteen stanzas, recurs: it offers visual perspective, the graphic layout. Shortly after a courtly start – the â€Å"green,† â€Å"gold,† and â€Å"sliver† of expanded line one might fancifully suggest medieval illumination – the poem becomes ominous with suggestive conflict (Lane pg.29). We know from the last couplet that something falls â€Å"dead† at the end, but the pun on heart/hart (another word for a male red deer) leaves ambiguous whether the victim is a deer, the hunter, the narrator’s affection, or some combinationRead More Marxist Cultural Theory Essay2925 Words   |  12 Pagesand Horkheimer is to educate and inspire the public to live a life more worthy of living. (Adorno, 2006, p. 39) This chapter argues that cultural practitioners have a responsibility to encourage the public to confront their social and political conflicts. Two methods of assuming this responsibility are discussed. First is the claim that a political message in an artwork is to be communicated without attempting to create an emotional anchor for the public to identify with. This method, primarilyRead MoreKey Success Factors - Organizational Culture3384 Words   |  14 Pagesto know in order to develop and use change strategies of the culture. Otts definition of the organizational cultureOn the other hand Ott (1989), in The Organizational Culture Perspective describe organizational culture as a social constructed, unseen, and unobservable force behind organizational activities. Organizational culture is a social energy that moves organizational members to act and unifying theme that provides meaning and direction to and mobilizes the members. It functions as an organizationalRead MoreOrganizational Culture Research7417 Words   |  30 Pagesevangelical belief in the organization’s values, or also in groups where a friendly climate is at the base of their identity (avoidance of conflict). In fact group think is very common, it happens all the time, in almost every group. Members that are defiant are often turned down or seen as a negative influence by the rest of the group, because they bring conflict. Innovative organizations need individuals who are prepared to challenge the status quo—be it group-think or bureaucracy, and also needRead MoreEffects of the Social Media on Relationship Trends of University Students9686 Words   |  39 Pages   Frenemy: a portmanteau of friend and enemy which can refer to either an enemy disguised as a friend or to a partner who is simultaneously a competitor and rival. Gossip Girl:   is an American teen drama series narrated by the omniscient yet unseen  blogger  Gossip Girl. The series revolves around the lives of privileged young adults on  Manhattans Upper East Side  in NewYork City. â€Å"Like†: The  Facebook  Like button is a feature that allows users to show their support for specific comments,

Monday, December 16, 2019

Recent advances in medical technology Free Essays

The two articles What is telecasters? And ‘Do we know too much? Illustrate what the evolution of medical technology is and how it improves people’s life. Both articles provide medical studies to support the curative effects. Furthermore, although there are still some limitations or negative aspects toward the progressions, It Is believed that those will be solved with time. We will write a custom essay sample on Recent advances in medical technology or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the article What Is telecasters? ‘ the author elucidates how its operation differs from traditional surgery. It Is revealed that doctor an give a remote operation by using robotic arms connected to fiber-optic cables without distance and facilities restrictions. However, some people doubts If robots can be relied on; the author also states that It might not function well due to the network access and compatibility of computer. The second article alms to address the question of what happens If we can extract Information from our genes. By genetic tests, we can aware of the genetic disorder that we might suffer from and prevent contracting certain diseases. Currently, large range of disorders can be detected by complex genetic tests such as newborn screening, diagnostic, carrier and predictive testing. By the progression of medical technology, we are able to lead a longer and healthier life, furthermore, tests can be used to blood relationship testing and applied to crack down on crime. However, some people worry about that it might result In some negative impact toward their living. As the remarkable development on therapy introduced in the essays, human beings benefit greatly from telecasters and genetic tests; though they are still some limitations and difficulties need to be coped with. How to cite Recent advances in medical technology, Papers

Sunday, December 8, 2019

World War One. The first great tragedy of humanity Essay Example For Students

World War One. The first great tragedy of humanity Essay . That is of course excluding love and life. Combine all three and you find one of the most masterfully written novels about life, love, and war that could only be written by Ernest Hemingway. Born July 21, 1899 in Oak Park, Illinois, a suburb of Chicago, Hemingway started his literary career when he was hired as a reporter for the Kansas City Star. During the war he joined the volunteer American Red Cross as a ambulance driver in 1918. After being seriously wounded in the line of duty he was decorated with two Italian medals and joined the Italian infantry. His experiences with journalism and war create a excellent symbiosis to exploit the writers rule, only write about what you know, which makes Farewell to Arms a remarkable novel. Personal experiences alone dont always make a good story however. Ernest Hemingways ability to achieve a roller coaster of emotions from chapter to chapter is remarkable. The basic feeling of hope and despair take turns throughout the novel but the idea that life is a futile attempt at salvation is stressed at all times. The emotional seesaw that Hemingway puts the reader through is an invigorating experience but even more stimulating since he can maintain the overtones of depression. Hemingways ability to pull so many tragedies together to stress the themes of depression, despair, a futility in humanity also make this novel very impressive. Just the setting of a love affair during wartime implies a dark reckoning upon the two lovers. Everything about the book drives the idea of fate and futility even when the idea and promise of hope is thrown in. Although the author drive his point home, we have to look at the psychological effects of it on the readers. Now, I have no solid evidence, but I suspect that this book may have driven some to their death. BANG! Right in the head. Realistically, the effects of this book on a persons emotional well- being isnt exactly positive. The idea of ,you cant do anything about it, life is nothing but a four letter word, should have a tremendous effect on a person if they can connect with the message. Most of us can. Therefore, reading this novel may not be the best thing to do for an emotionally unstable person. Or any person for that matter. Thumbs up on the novel for its message, thumbs down for the effects of the message. All in all however, Ernest Hemingway definitely has a way with words. .

Saturday, November 30, 2019

Introduction Essays (4231 words) - Object-oriented Programming

Introduction -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sather is an object oriented language designed to be simple, efficient, safe, and non-proprietary. It aims to meet the needs of modern research groups and to foster the development of a large, freely available, high-quality library of efficient well-written classes for a wide variety of computational tasks. It was originally based on Eiffel but now incorporates ideas and approaches from several languages. One way of placing it in the 'space of languages' is to say that it attempts to be as efficient as C, C++, or Fortran, as elegant but safer than Eiffel or CLU, and to support higher-order functions as well as Common Lisp, Scheme, or Smalltalk. Sather has garbage collection, statically-checked strong (contravariant) typing, multiple inheritance, separate implementation and type inheritance, parameterized classes, dynamic dispatch, iteration abstraction, higher-order routines and iters, exception handling, assertions, preconditions, postconditions, and class invariants. Sather code can be compiled into C code and can efficiently link with object files of other languages. pSather, the parallel and distributed extension, presents a shared memory abstraction to the programmer while allowing explicit placement of data and threads. Sather and the ICSI Sather compiler have a very unrestrictive license aimed at encouraging contribution to the public library without precluding the use of Sather for proprietary projects. This chapter will provide a basic introduction for new users, pointing to sources of information about the language and the compiler. It also contains a summary of Sather features - for those familiar with another object-oriented language, this section provides an overview of the key features of Sather. 1.1 Acknowledgements This text has its roots in the Sather 1.1 specification, the Eclectic tutorial and Holger's iterator tutorial. This document also contains several organizational ideas and some text from S. Omohundro's originally planned Sather book. This text has benefitted from corrections, comments and suggestions from several people including Cary D. Renzema, Jerome Feldman, Claudio Fleiner and Arno Jacobsen. Particular thanks to Cary, Arno and Feldman for detailed error reports. Arno also made several suggestions regarding terminology and examples that have been incorporated. 1.2 How to read this Document This document is meant to be a complete description of Sather 1.1, and is intended as an introduction to the language for a person with some programming background. It is more expository in nature than the specification and contains sections that motivate particular aspects of the language, such as the overloading rules. In addition, it deals with some more abstract design issues that arise when programming in Sather (such as the effect of the contra-variant subtyping rule). 1.3 Sources of Information This section briefly introduces some concepts important to Sather that the reader may not have been exposed to in C++ [2]. It isn't meant as a complete language tutorial. More information of a tutorial nature is available from the WWW page: http://www.icsi.berkeley.edu/Sather At the time of this writing, the only compiler implementing the 1.1 language specification is available from ICSI. It is freely available, includes source for class libraries and the compiler, and compiles into ANSI C. This compiler has been ported to a wide range of UNIX and PC operating systems. 1.4 Obtaining the Compiler The ICSI Sather 1.1 compiler can be obtained by anonymous ftp at ftp.icsi.berkeley.edu: /pub/sather Other sites also mirror the Sather distribution. The distribution includes installation instructions, 'man' pages, the standard libraries and source for the compiler (in Sather). Documentation, tutorials and up-to-date information are also available at the Sather WWW page: http://www.icsi.berkeley.edu/~sather ICSI also maintains a library of contributed Sather code at this page. There is a newsgroup devoted to Sather: comp.lang.sather There is also a Sather mailing list if you wish to be informed of Sather releases; to subscribe, send email to: [emailprotected] It is not necessary to be on the mailing list if you read the Sather newsgroup. 1.4.1 How do I ask questions? If it appears to be a problem that others would have encountered (on platform 'X', I tried to install it but the it failed to link with the error 'Y'), then the newsgroup is a good place to ask. If you have problems with the compiler or questions that are not of general interest, mail to one of [emailprotected] [emailprotected] This is also where you want to send bug reports. 1.5 Summary of Features This section provides a summary of Sather's features, with particular attention to features that are not found in

Tuesday, November 26, 2019

The Rise and Fall of Pol Pott Essay Example

The Rise and Fall of Pol Pott Essay Example The Rise and Fall of Pol Pott Essay The Rise and Fall of Pol Pott Essay At that time, Cambodia was a part of French Indochina. When POI Pot was born, he was given the name Sloth Sara; he did not take on the name POI Pot until 1976. When Sara was a young boy he was sent to live in Phonon Penn with his elder siblings who had ties to the royal palace and the royal family, On account of Cars family ties to the royal family during the sass and sass he, as well as many other Cambodia who lived in the palace, existed in isolation from impeding influences like the global economic depression. In the palace, Sara entered into an entirely Cambodia world, free from Vietnamese and Chinese Influences; also, Sloth Sara, more than likely absorbed or overheard entrench sentiments that were wide-spread among Cambodia officials. Therefore, the time at the palace, strengthened Saras Khmer identity. Living in Phonon Penn, Sloth Sara had access to education. After completing primary school, Sloth Sara was one of twenty Cambodia boys to be selected as the first class to attend the College Nonrandom Shannon in 1942. The school was located In Compton Champ. Several of Saras classmates at Nonrandom Shannon later became Communists. Kavas Siphon a teacher at the school who taught the boys math, physics and philosophy Is said to be Sloth Saras first role model. Siphon was remembered as honest, Inspiring, loving and helpful ;the way many witnesses described Sloth Sara before his reign in Cambodia. At Nonrandom Occasions Sara remained a mediocre student; upon failing the entrance exam for high school he attended a school in Phonon Penn studying carpentry. However, in 1949 he received a scholarship from the Cambodia Government to continue his education In Pairs, France. In Paris, Sloth Sara was formally introduce to communism. Five of the twenty-one young men Sloth Sara traveled to Paris with later became influential in the Cambodia Communist Movement. These men joined the Communist party because it was the popular thing to do at the time; communism offered exciting possibilities to many and communism was presented as the party of choice for the global future. Cars associations and friends he made while studying in Pairs had a decisive influence on his care «. The most Important one to mention Is Nils Tarantellas wilt lend Sara; Sara was also a citizen of Cambodia on scholarship in Paris. While Sloth Saras school life suffered during his time in France, the roots of his political life were formed. He became obsessed with communism and the belief system behind it. Sloth Sara failed to take his school examinations; as a result, Sara lost his scholarship and returned home in 1952 with no formal degree. However, the knowledge and experiences he gained in Pairs concerning his political affiliations would later set him up to be the leader of the Khmer Rouge. In 1950, Cambodia students who were studying in France formed a Marxist Circle affiliated to the French Communist Party as its Khmer-language section. This leftist group talked about ways to improve the lives of the common people One of the leaders of this circle was lend Sara; POI Pot Joined as a member but was rather inactive. Sara attended irregularly, kept in the background, and made little impression on his colleagues. However, a quote from Sara at these meetings later emerged in 1976; the source quoted Sloth Sara as saying the following: Without a solidly built and solidly directed Party, no theory can be applied and the enemies of socialism will profit from these occasions to replace the leadership. I will direct the revolutionary organization; I will be its secretary general, I will hold the dossiers, I will control the ministers and I will see to it that they dont deviate from the line fixed in the peoples interest by the central committee. This quote brings us insight into Sloth Saras intentions concerning the future of his country as well as his goal to stabilize and fortify security in Cambodia; this would allow the country the opportunity to prosper. From this quote and his actions after he returned to Cambodia it appears that Sloth Sara planned to be the leader in a Cambodia revolution that was already brewing. In 1951, Sloth Sara delved deeper into the possibilities of the Communist movement. He had Just returned from a labor battalion in the renegade Communist state of Yugoslavia. His experience in Yugoslavia was exciting to say the least. The country was banding together in preparation for a potential Soviet invasion; everywhere, roads, factories, railroads, and hydraulic centers were being built. This was Saras first introduction to large scale social manipulation and public works. At the point it was at, Yugoslavia appeared to be a country filled with hope, possibilities, industrialization, and unity; Yugoslavia was a positive example of what communism could do for a country. The exciting transformations that were occurring in Yugoslavia were most certainly an impact on Sloth Saras views of communism and the potentials it could offer Cambodia and the Khmer people. Sloth Sara desired to see a change in his country and society because he felt that the oppression and injustices his people were subject to was a crime of French Imperialism and the monarchy. He believed that his country would be able to prosper once these two factors were taken out of the political equation. Sara desired to build Cambodia economy as well as institute individual liberties. Sloth Sara formally Joined the French Communist Party in 1952 before he returned to Cambodia. After losing his scholarship to study in France, Sloth Sara returned back to Cambodia in 1953 where political tensions between the democrats who controlled the National Assembly and Prince Nonrandom Shannon were on the rise. Shortly before Sara returned back to Cambodia, Prince Shannon had dissolved the National Assembly, Localisms ten Democratic cadent, Ana Imprisoned Democratic parliament members in order to exercise absolute power. He explained his actions in the quote below: I am the natural ruler of my country, the people know but the King, and my authority has never been questioned F the French left Indo-China, we shall have independence, true, but for how long? I therefore collaborate in the military sense with the French for the defense of our liberty. This quote gives us insight to Prince Schnooks political affiliations; he was tightly wound up in a mission to please the French.. Saras mission was to gain liberty for his country and institute programs to create a stable and eventually industrialized economy. Therefore, these two mens opinions about t he future of Cambodia greatly differed and eventually caused tensions. The publics reactions to the princes absolutism soon changed Schnooks mind and in February 1953, he traveled to France to beg the French President Aerial or independence. VIM Redid comments: If Shannon was to Safeguard the throne, it was necessary and perhaps urgent, that he should work openly for his countrys freedom . Prince Shannon promised the Cambodia people independence from France in three years; it was the first significant role to the nationalist movement but, Sloth Sara and many others found this as an insignificant event; it was too little too late. Sara shared in the desire to drive the French out of Cambodia, but he did not want Cambodia to be placed under neighboring Vietnam rule either , at the time this was a valid possible outcome. Sara wanted Cambodia to be liberated from its ruler and remain free. The year after Sara returned from Paris, Shannon was able to negotiate Cambodia liberty from France; Cambodia was now governed by a royal monarchy. Sloth Saras first political writing entitled Monarchy or Democracy addressed his concerns of absolute monarchy. Sara stated that a monarchy [was] a doctrine which bestows power on a small group of men who do nothing to earn their living so that they can exploit the majority of the people at every level [the] people must eliminate [a monarchical rule] because it befriended imperialism while it anointed to be hostile to the people, and knowledge. Further, Sara commented that only the National Assembly and democratic rights gave the Cambodia people a chance to breathe a little. Due to Saras primary account above, it is accurate to conclude that at this time, Sara was not wrapped up in the intricate ideals of communism. It appears that Sloth Sara first and foremost wanted to end the colonization and oppression of his country; secondly, he wanted to build a country that offered prosperity to the majority of the people, not Just the upper class. Eventually, after studying, reading, watching and experiencing, Sara concluded that he ideology of communism was best suited to complete his dreams for his country. After returning from France, Sloth Sara Joined the underground communist movement; politics commanded Sloth Saras life. In secret, he prepared himself and his colleagues for an eventual seizure of power Very little is known about Saras early political life. Several months after returning from France, Sara Joined a Vietnamese- Khmer unit and later Joined the Indochina Communist Party. Here he learned about party discipline, organization and theory, as well as the importance of concealment. Sara worked in secret supporting radical political candidates in hopes of one day running in a Cambodia election. Minion, Sara became a teacher of French, History, Geography and Civics at a college in Phonon Penn. It is likely that a strengthened relations Detente Nils Dormer teacher, Nava Slogan, lead Sara Into a teaching career. This time frame was the last Sara lived in the open before he escaped to the jungle and formed the Khmer Rouge. As a teacher, Sloth Sara was honest, humane, easy to befriend and respect; a very different description than people would describe him as during his reign in Cambodia. Sloth Saras personality throughout his life is a mystery to many experts. From several different accounts, people described Saras nature as being even-tempered, calm, respectful, and honest. When he talked his voice was smooth, hypnotic, and persuasive. After meeting Sloth Sara in the late sass, one man accounts that he remembers concluding that he could make a life- long friend with Sloth Sara. These descriptions of a gentle and trustworthy personality make it hard for one to imagine Sara as a murderous, oppressive ruler involved in genocide. Sloth Sara has left us with many mysteries about himself and is party; the first of many is his personality. It is often wondered whether Sloth Sara masked his true personality and faked being the honest and inspiring man many people identified him to be in order to conceal another agenda. In 1963, when Sara fled to the Jungle, he abandoned his double life between teacher and revolutionary. Instead he became a full time revolutionary and had the time to further develop his plan for power. After Sara fled he became even more mysterious; he kept to himself and his varying personality caused frequent changes in his partys direction. The pseudonym name, POI Pot, that Sloth Sara adopted when he came to power in Cambodia is another mystery. Other communist leaders of the twentieth century (I. E. Stalin and Ho Chi Mini) took on revolutionary names while they were in the underground in order to hide their true identities from the police and in some cases to inspire their followers. Sloth Sara took the name POI Pot, a name with no inspirational meaning, only after gaining power in Cambodia concealing his former identity to the nation he governed as well as the rest of the world; POI Pots true identity was not officially known until 1979. By 1962, Sloth Sara had gained a substantial amount of power in the Cambodia Communist Party, enough to become the leader of the party. By then, tensions had risen to a dangerous level between Prince Shannon and the communist party. Sloth Sara along with lend Sara and other members of the party were forced to escape into the Jungle. In the Jungle, Sara formed an army that was later known to the world as the Khmer Rouge. The army began a war against Schnooks government which lost power in 1970 due to a military coup that was supported by the United States. Out of outrage, Shannon Joined his former enemy, Sloth Sara, and together they fought Cambodia new military government. Due to the United States military involvement in the Vietnam War as well as Vietnam and Cambodia geographical closeness, the North Vietnamese set-up military fortresses in eastern Cambodia. In 1970 the United States attacked Cambodia in attempts to drive the North Vietnamese from Cambodia; this effort failed and only drove the North Vietnamese further into Cambodia and caused them to form ranks with the Khmer Rouge. From 1969-1973 the United States bombed North Vietnamese refugees in eastern Cambodia. The series of bombings killed up to 150,000 Cambodia farmers. Out of fear, Cambodia farmers left their lands and escaped to the city of Phonon Penn, Cambodia capital. As a result, of the mass number of people entering the city and the large loss in the agricultural industry, Cambodia Tacit a weakened economy as well as a gallants amount AT corruption weaved Into the military led government. Consequently, POI Pot was able to draw popular support during this time. Minion the United States withdrew its military forces from Vietnam as well as military support from Cambodia; this left POI Pot with an opportunity to take power in Cambodia. POI Pot and his regime were able to take control of Cambodia at the time they did for several different reasons; the United States had left Vietnam, as well as pulled their military support from Cambodia ; the current government was filled with corrupt political and military leaders which caused them to lose popularity among the Khmer people; and the Khmer Rouge were tough, regimented, and their vision of a new society was attractive and gained the support of many people. The Khmer Rouge appeared to be a breath of fresh air for the Khmer people. They had a plan to solve many of the problems Cambodia had faced for centuries. The Cambodia Revolution, led by POI Pot, was meant to change the peoples role in their country and government. Revolutionaries and supports of the revolution wanted the Khmer people to wake up to face their individual and collective problems and Join together in order to work for the good of the single being and the country. The revolutionary army that was created was suppose to fight together and sever the people without foreign influences. The revolutionaries rallied the people together to serve their nation; the restructured society was not to have any notion of personal status. Citizens of Phonon Penn anxiously awaited for the arrival of their new rulers. A personal account from Theory Seen comments on this: she watched her parents cheering on the Khmer Rouge as its soldiers marched into Boom Penn. On April 17, 1975, one hundred battalions of the Khmer Rouge seized Phonon Penn, the capital of Cambodia, and renamed the country Democratic Kampuchea. The soldiers who took the capitol were mainly young men. POI Pot wasted no time at all enacting his plan; he began by announcing that This is Year Zero. From there, Capitalism, western culture, city life, and all foreign influences were to be extracted from society. Foreigners were removed from the country, embassies closed, media outlets disbanded, money was prohibited, and schools and clinics were closed. Also, freedom of movement, and leisure activities were greatly reduced; if one violated any of the new rules the punishments were severe; repeat offenders were either imprisoned or killed . Anyone who opposed the new government was killed. Members of the previous military government, educators, public servants , Vietnamese, middle class members, and the educated were identified, imprisoned, tortured and eventually killed. Immediately after the seizure, the new regime ordered the evacuation of the cities. The citizens were given ten minutes to pack enough food rations for two days before they were forced to leave their homes and set off for the country side at gunpoint; reports suggest almost 20,000 died along the way. Genes parents who days earlier had welcomed the new regime now had a totally different perspective. Her father had been killed by Khmer Rouge soldiers and her mother had been imprisoned and later died under the control of the new regime. The cities evacuation played into POI Pots economic stimulus plan that included creating an agrarian utopia which was inspired by Mao- Testing Great Leap Forward and was to be the new of the rest of the world. However, the Khmer people were forced into labor camps which are more famously Known as ten over work, starvation, torture, and disease, the majority of the early deaths were those of children or the elderly. In the Killing Fields, life was hard. The Khmer Rouge forced its people into pointless, back breaking labor. Any free time one had was spent at political meetings trying to avoid saying anything that could have one singled out for punishment or death At this point, it is accurate to say that any economic stimulus plans were at a stand-still and Human Rights no longer existed; he Khmer people were treated worse than animals. The new regimes leaders as well as their rationale stayed concealed from their citizens as well as the rest of the world. The news that filtered into the outside world was usually horrible. Refugees spoke of the forced agrarian labor, starvation, random executions and the very secretive regime. Which leaves one to question what was POI Pot thinking at this time? This Khmer Rouge revolution was the purest form of the Marxist-Leninist movement. No other regime tried to go so quickly or so far. No other inflicted as many casualties on he countrys population The revolution can be viewed in some aspects as an attempt to break free from capitalism and attempt to rearrange the future into a social and economic utopia. The revolution failed to administrate a stable government in several areas. First, the regime was too weak to trust its own members and spent much time and resources interrogating, torturing and killing anyone they determined as an enemy to the party including their own party members. POI Pot had such a thirst for power but a profound sense of distrust that he approved the torture and execution of over 20,000 people; most of the people that were killed were actually loyal to the Khmer Rouge and POI Pot. Secondly, the regime, like many before it, failed to fix the food shortage or revolutionize education and hygiene injustices faced by the poor- the people who the revolution was fought for. Eventually, it became obvious that POI Pot had failed at his number one mission: to find a way for the people of Cambodia to prosper; instead POI Pot oppressed and alienated his people further Upon Vietnamese invasion in 1979, the Khmer Rouge regime was expelled. However, until 1991, the country remained in a state of struggle between different regimes. Finally, these different group leaders Joined together and signed a UN-sponsored peace accord This agreement inspired democratic opportunities to the Khmer people such as civil, human and political rights. In the early sasss Cambodia was the worlds nation building project ; attempting to get Cambodia back on its feet from the wrath and destruction POI Pot caused. In 1993 the UN held democratic elections in the country; at last giving the Khmer people the first real chance to prosper as an independent nation. However, this opportunity was lost due to yet another corrupt government in power. After 1979, POI Pot and other loyal followers were reduced to fighting a guerilla war against the Vietnamese until 1997 when POI Pot was caught by the government and put on house arrest. POI Pot died in April 1998 never having to take responsibility for the 2,000,000 people he murdered, the countless lives he ruined, and the country he permanently scarred. Sloth Sara witnessed in his young life the injustices done to his people through imperialism and monarchical rule. Upon Journeying to France and Joining the Khmer-language section of the French Communist Party, Sara gained insight on possible waves of the future. In his mind, Cambodia could only prosper as an independent nation without an solute monarchy. Returning none Trot France, saloon Sara worker along ten sloe AT other political radicals to oust French and monarchical power. Sara escaped into the jungle along with other members of the Cambodia Communist Party due to Shannon backed advocates labeling the members as Reds. POI Pot and the Khmer Rouge were able to gain power in Cambodia in 1975 due to several factors including: an alliance with Prince Shannon that gained popular support for the party; popular support for he Khmer Rouge was also gained due to a corrupt military controlled government already in power. POI Pot was obsessed the idea of an agrarian utopia and once in power he instituted projects that wiped out democratic, capitalist and industrialized influences from the country. Instead of promoting Human Rights POI Pot stripped his people from having any humane resemblances by making them all wear gray jumpsuits, and filling their time with monotonous, meaningless Jobs that were tiring. POI Pot and his regime executed anyone they regarded as an enemy of the state and any more died at the hands of disease, starvation, over-work, and unsanitary conditions.

Friday, November 22, 2019

About the US Inspectors General

About the US Inspectors General A U.S. federal inspector general (IG) is the head of an independent, non-partisan organization established within each executive branch agency assigned to audit the agency’s operation in order to discover and investigate cases of misconduct, waste, fraud and other abuse of government procedures occurring within the agency. Within the federal agencies are politically independent individuals called Inspectors General who are responsible for ensuring that the agencies operate efficiently, effectively and legally. When it was reported in October 2006 that Department of Interior employees wasted $2,027,887.68 worth of taxpayer time annually surfing sexually explicit, gambling, and auction websites while at work, it was the Interior Departments own Office of Inspector General that conducted the investigation and issued the report. The Mission of the Office of Inspector General Established by the Inspector General Act of 1978, the Office of Inspector General (OIG) examines all actions of a government agency or military organization. Conducting audits and investigations, either independently or in response to reports of wrongdoing, the OIG ensures that the agencys operations are in compliance with the law and general established policies of the government. Audits conducted by the OIG are intended to ensure the effectiveness of security procedures or to discover the possibility of misconduct, waste, fraud, theft, or certain types of criminal activity by individuals or groups related to the agencys operation. Misuse of agency funds or equipment is often revealed by OIG audits. There are currently 73 offices of US inspectors general, far more than the initial 12 offices created by the Inspector General Act of 1978. Along with administrative staff and several financial and procedural auditors, each office employs special agents- criminal investigators who are often armed. The work of the IG offices involves detecting and preventing fraud, waste, abuse, and mismanagement of the government programs and operations within their parent agencies or organizations. Investigations conducted by the IG offices may target internal government employees or external government contractors, grant recipients, or recipients of loans and subsidies offered through federal assistance programs.   To help them carry out their investigative role, Inspectors General have the authority to issue subpoenas for information and documents, administer oaths for taking testimony, and can hire and control their own staff and contract personnel. The investigative authority of Inspectors General is limited only by certain national security and law enforcement considerations. How Inspectors General Are Appointed and Removed For the Cabinet-level agencies, Inspectors General are appointed, without regard to their political affiliation, by the President of the United States and must be approved by the Senate. Inspectors General of the Cabinet-level agencies can be removed only by the President. In other agencies, known as designated federal entities, like Amtrak, the U.S. Postal Service, and the Federal Reserve, the agency heads appoint and remove Inspectors General. Inspectors General are appointed based on their integrity and experience in: Accounting, auditing, financial analysisLaw, management analysis, public administrationInvestigations Who Oversees Inspectors General? While by law, Inspectors General are under the general supervision of the agency head or deputy, neither the agency head nor the deputy can prevent or prohibit an Inspector General from conducting an audit or investigation. The conduct of the Inspectors General is overseen by the Integrity Committee of the Presidents Council on Integrity and Efficiency (PCIE). How Do Inspectors General Report Their Findings? When an agencys Office of Inspector General (OIG) identifies cases of egregious and flagrant problems or abuses within the agency, the OIG immediately notifies the agency head of the findings. The agency head is then required to forward the OIGs report, along with any comments, explanations, and corrective plans, to Congress within seven days. The Inspectors General also send semiannual reports of all their activities for the past six months to Congress. All cases involving suspected violations of federal laws are reported to the Department of Justice, via the Attorney General.

Thursday, November 21, 2019

The Problem of the Identity of Immanuel in Isaiah Essay

The Problem of the Identity of Immanuel in Isaiah - Essay Example Other writers in their interpretations of Isaiah 7:14 have aimed to establish an association of the incident with the birth of Jesus, while, referring to the significance of almah which is a word of Hebrew origin, the meaning of which has been identified as virgin. According to Grisham, the varying assumptions regarding the identity of Immanuel in Isaiah 7:14 have extended to the belief which postulates that he is Jesus himself, while, some consider him to be the child of Isaiah and the king of Judah thus, in their construal of the Book of Isaiah interpreters have vowed to prefer either a single fulfillment or double fulfillment.For the purposes of the succeeding sections of the paper the major views on the identity of Immanuel in Isaiah 7:14 would be assessed in a comprehensive manner. Grisham observes that one of the interpretations regarding the identity of Immanuel in Isaiah 7:14 label the child to be that of Isaiah’s, in his perspective on the identity of the woman and ch ild, Walton notes that in accordance with the teachings of the gospel and that of Christian religion regarding the woman in Isaiah 7:14, much of the assertions point towards the declaration that she is Isaiah’s wife however, these postulations can be nullified on the basis of various arguments. Walton claims his translations of the scripture to be highly credible and reliable. The first argument which nullifies the identity of Immanuel as the child of Isaiah comes from the comparison of 7:14 and 8:3

Tuesday, November 19, 2019

E-business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 2

E-business - Essay Example For purchasing groceries in an online mode, one of the most crucial aspects are that the buyers of groceries should be computer savvy. According to a research conducted by Chu et. al. (2010), the shopping behaviour of the households, especially those purchasing groceries side by side from online and offline sources is dependent upon their brand loyalty, price sensitivity and size loyalty. These offline-online differences are more prominent in the purchase behaviours towards food products which include the grocery category. According to the research, there is more brand loyalty, size loyalty but less price sensitivity in online shopping behaviour of consumers than in the offline shopping behaviour. The online environment for grocery shopping mostly consists of elements like purchasing carts, grocery categories mentioned with prices, the online navigation facilities to know the products’ features, online communication with the seller on specifications of the grocery. The product details and the prices of the product are the main information that is reviewed by the customer. The categories of groceries are present which could be viewed and grocery from these categories could be added to the purchase cart and ordered online after online payment. The online shopping environment also includes in-store displays which mainly attract the customers to buy the particular groceries. Also online displays help the customers search for grocery they need to buy easily. The search option present on the website is a convenient option that allows users to review their preferred products just with one or two clicks. According to a research conducted by Breugelmans and Campo (2010), online in-store displays (ISD) help increase brand sales and make grocery shopping easier and ISD that anticipates competition through first-order or isolated position outperforms the ISD that aims to make the items stand out in the online

Saturday, November 16, 2019

Censoring Student Publications Persuasive Essay Essay Example for Free

Censoring Student Publications Persuasive Essay Essay Imagine that you are a high school student and have just received the newest edition of your school’s newspaper. As you are flipping through the pages, you discover a terrible article written about you. How would you feel? Recently, there has been much debate on whether high schools should be able to regulate the content of student publications, such as newspapers and magazines. Censoring student publications would be beneficial because they may contain inappropriate things. Also, it would be favorable because the material in student publications may be offensive to its readers and the text may bepoorly written. Because of this, high school officials should have the right to control the content of student publications. First of all, student publications should be censored because they may be filled with inappropriate content. Some high school students are not mature enough to determine whether certain subjects and language are usable. Without censoring student publications, students may publish something with an inappropriate subject. Since it is used throughout today’s entertainment, they may also use vulgar language. It is not appropriate for school, so high school officials should be able to censor student publications in case it is used. As a result of inappropriate subjects and vulgar language, the content of student publications may be offensive to its readers. If a student publisher does not like a fellow student, he or she may publish an article about that student. Of course, it will be something terribly offensive. Since student newspapers are given to the entire student body, practically everyone will see it. This will lead to a higher chance of bullying. Bullying is already widespread, so it does not need to be increased by angry, careless teenagers. Lastly, most high school students are not good enough writers to publish a newspaper or magazine. Students’ articles will not always be grammatically correct and presentable. Their research will be insufficient because they do not do enough research about most topics and write mostly off the top of his or her head. The articles will also be bursting with bias. Most students are not able to write an article without including bias because they are not mature writers at his or her age. Because of this, student publications should be censored. In conclusion, high school officials across the nation should have the right to control what goes into his or her school’s newspaper or magazines. Because of immaturity and carelessness, students may publish an article about an inappropriate subject and include crude language. Content of student publications may be offensive and increase the risk of bullying. Also, the newspapers and magazines may be poorly written due to the lack of writing maturity. It is essential to students’ wellbeing that a law be passed that allows high schools to control their student publications for every school in the United States not just Hazelwood School.

Thursday, November 14, 2019

Luxury Consumption Essay -- Business, Online Private Shopping Clubs

This is a literature review of online private shopping clubs a subcategory of luxury consumption. In this review, I will provide a brief orientation of luxury consumption and give further information about the latest consumer trend online private shopping clubs. The trend will be described in great detail and analysed. The term â€Å"luxury† is routinely used in our everyday life to refer to products, services or a certain lifestyle, often without a clear understanding of the luxury concept as it takes on many forms for different people and is dependent on the experience and mood of the consumer (Wiedmann et al, 2009). However, according to Danziger (2005), luxury may be defined as something inessential, but conducive to pleasure and comfort. It is derived from the Latin word â€Å"luxuria†, meaning â€Å"excess† or the â€Å"extras of life† (Danziger 2005). With this view in mind, luxury consumption could thus be described as the consumption of any good(s) for which the simple use or display of a particular branded product brings esteem for its owner (Wiedmann et al 2009). According to Echikson (1994), people want quality and value, but if prices were lowered, they assume that you are lowering the value and the quality. It could therefore be said that the higher the pri ce of a good, the more it is assumed the good is of a high value. Online private shopping club is the latest innovation in the age of e-commerce and is particularly widespread in several countries like USA, Germany, Spain, UK, Turkey and France. It is simply the sale of luxury designer goods online at discount prices. Constantinides et al. (2010) cite Internet World Statistics which assert that there are more than 1.5 billion internet users and this has affected globalization, trad... ...instead it might gain momentum because many consumers seek luxurious quality products at discount prices and there is a need for consumers to be associated with luxury brands and value. In addition, it is a convenient method of shopping that saves time. The recession left a lasting impact on consumer’s choices and behaviour towards consumption. As a result, consumers are willing to go through any means to acquire luxury goods at discount prices even though in some cases, they don’t need the goods, but the mere fact it’s inexpensive is an incentive for them to purchase the products and this has promoted the trend. Venture capitalists and online retailers like Amazon are acquiring online private shopping club to avoid missing out on this trend (Palmer, 2010). This shows that the consumer trend online private shopping club will grow and expand further for some time.

Monday, November 11, 2019

How effectively did Philip II manage his finances? Essay

The fiscal statistics of Philip’s reign would overwhelmingly conclude that he completely failed to effectively manage his finance. His inherited debts had increased threefold during his reign, and subsequently, the Crown declared bankruptcy no less than three times. In contrast to this view, it can be argued that Philip was effective as far as he was able. His failure was not due to incompetence for certainly, he made attempts to rectify the situation, but instead due to the numerous impossibilities that surrounded the Royal Finance. Philip’s ineffective approach to handling Finance is largely summed up by saying that as ruler of the Monarquia, he was never able to match his income to his extortionate expenditure. This costly policy was due to the amount of money funding war. Travelling costs, continuous updating of armaments and wages of soldiers consumed the vast bulk of Philip’s finance. Even this failed at times, as seen by the revolt of the unpaid soldiers in the Netherlands. Philip’s empire was so extensive that he was called upon to go to war in the interests of many different nations. His wars were not all territorial, such as the defence of Italian lands, his own dynastic interests in France and England had to be defended, as did the Catholic religion against the Turks. Philip was also drawn into costly civil wars. As a result, Royal money was frequently spent all over the Monarquia, and often on places that were not raising the money. This again reflects Philips bad management of finance whereupon countries could not be relied upon to be self-sufficient or contribute to wars fought on behalf of the entire Monarquia. The result of this was that Castile bore the brunt of the effort to fund the Monarquia. This was an unreasonable burden, as Castile possessed neither the wealth, the manpower or the economic strength demanded off it. This policy of Philip further proves his ill-managed Royal finances. Such heavy taxation on one part of the Monarquia alone sent Castile into steady decline. Instead of being a successfully self-supported land, Castile began to heavily depend on outside imports, increasing the risk of further inflation, a threat that remained since its onset early in Philips reign throughout his inherited lands. Philips highly infective management is reinforced by his failure to lift out of debt despite increased revenue. Bullion from the wealthy Americas boosted the wealth of Castile, as did the revenue from the Indies. Philip also increased finance through taxation, which backfired, and through borrowing money. Philip was forced into negotiating complicated loans with moneylenders that would allow him to continue paying back old debts while receiving fresh ones. However, even this was not enough to keep Philip from greatly failing financially, and declaring bankruptcy in 1557, 1575 and finally in 1596. The 36 million Ducat debts that he inherited became à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½68 million Ducats by the end of his reign. The diabolical state of finance was not helped by the grandiose lifestyle of the King, who maintained the mentality of the ever-important prestige display. Moreover, Philip failed to be interested in Fiscal matters, and appeared to launch plans without taking the care to cost them throu gh. Philip seemed to have greatly failed to be efficient on handling Royal finances. However, another view could argue that Philip made the best of a bad situation. For example, he managed to re-stabilise finance after the bankruptcies. Philip was initially dealt a bad hand by inheriting both a great debt and an extended empire from his father. This would entail a need for further finance, and Philip was immediately faced to raise this form a minus figure. Moreover, the increased lands now labelled as Philip’s Monarquia, would involve extended foreign war involvement, and in turn, war expenditure. The need to go to war in the interests of his inherited lands was forced upon the new ruler. War came with the territory, and the territory came with the inheritance. Philip had no choice in defending both his territories and his religion so the increased expenditure that resulted in bankruptcy was arguably inevitable and out of Philips control. Moreover, it is important to remember that the first declaration of bankruptcy was a further inheritance of Philip from his father, Charles I. Philip was faced with more difficulties from the outset of his reign. Inflation was taking hold in many countries across Europe, forcing Philip to find increasing amounts of money to fund both the running of government and also war expenditure. Moreover, territories such as the Netherlands that has previously provided great income for Charles, became a drain on finances. The Netherlands then, revolted against Philip and instead of contributing to the Royal finance, Philip was forced to spend increasing amounts combating the rebels. It is also clear that Philip attempted to address the problem of unstable finances. The reorganisation of the departments of Finance was undertaken in order to increase efficiency. Philip was also effective in increasing revenue during his reign, albeit mostly in Castile. New taxes were introduced and old ones modified so that the wars of Spain could be funded. The ‘alacabala’ for instance, tripled in it yield by the end of Philips reign. Custom duties were effectively reorganised so that they were received directly by the Crown instead of the old method whereby tax farmers would retain a hefty proportion of the money collected. The ‘cruzda’ was introduced by the church to fund the wars against the Turks, and this too was effective by doubling its yield. Another new tax was effectively introduced to tax church property, furthering Philips income. The ‘subsido’ an existing tax was equally successful in increasing its revenue. Evidence of Philips effective policies involving finance are reflected in the decrease of household expenditure during his reign. This shows that Philip has recognised the responsibility he had to improve the state of Royal finance. This could be considered impressive due to the mentality that Philip, and other Kings of this period, were fixed in. This was the age in which religion and national prestige far outweighed the necessity to deal with Finance. It can convincingly be argued then, that Philip was a highly overworked King who made the best of a bad situation. He attempted, with limited personal time and resources, to manage the situation, and did so with reasonable success. Certainly he was effective in the matters which he did change, such as taxation. It can be said that financial failure was inevitable and that is was impossible for Philip to effectively succeed in regaining control of royal finance. I support this view as a far more realistic and pragmatic one than the opposing view which argues that Philip failed to deal with the underlying problems of Royal Finance. Instead he ignored opportunities to effectively reform finance so that bankruptcy was caused several times, indicated ultimately his failure to manage finance.

Saturday, November 9, 2019

Customer Satifaction

Chapter I I. Introduction The findings of this research are mostly useful to those (managers and crews) who intend to give customer satisfaction. The research indicates the most important aspects to give 100% customer satisfaction that will benefit customers and the company as well. In the past few years significant growth has been noticed on Jollibee Foods Corporation. It has been proved that Jollibee Foods Corporation is the fastest and the largest growing company in the industry of fast food chain. Jollibee also operates branches in different countries wherein they focused and value the culture of the countries they are located in.This thesis focused on how Jollibee Foods Corporation managed to keep the good relation with the customer and how to keep them satisfied on every visit. II. Background of the study The Jollibee Foods Corporation  rose from humble beginnings to be the leading fast food chains in the Philippines. In 1975 it used to be an ice-cream parlor serving hot meal s and sandwiches. With the coming of foreign franchise, Jollibee experimented with hamburgers until it came up with a recipe geared for a definitely Filipino flavor.The company’s rapid growth is attributed to its creative and innovative marketing programs, its dedication to research to continuously come up with products that will appeal to the Filipino palate and consistent staff training to provide product knowledge and quality service. Jollibee’s growth is due to its delicious menu line-up – like its superior-tasting Chickenjoy, mouth-watering Yumburger and Champ hamburger, and deliciously satisfying Jollibee Spaghetti -ably complemented with creative marketing programs, and efficient manufacturing and logistics facilities.It is made possible by well-trained teams that work in a culture of integrity and humility, fun and family-like. Every Jollibee outlet welcomes customers with a clean and warm in-store environment and friendly and efficient service. And it i s this tried and tested formula of delivering great-tasting food, adherence to world class operating standards and the universal appeal of the family values the brand represents that are driving the expansion of Jollibee both locally and in the overseas market.This study was conducted to investigate all aspects of Customer satisfaction of the Jollibee Foods Corporation as perceived by the Management team. III. Theoretical Framework According to the management team and staff of Jollibee Foods Corporation they are following standard rules of the company on how to give good quality on every product they are serving because for them patrons are really important to the company so they should always give the best for them. Also, management team and crew members are well trained on how to handle customers from different walks of life, so when problem arise it is well taken care off.We all know that Jollibee Foods Corporation is a well known company because it is affordable and delicious fo ods patronized not only by the kids but the adults as well. They are keeping their good company image with a tag line of â€Å"Sa Jollibee beeda ang saya† that surely pertains on how to keep every customer satisfied on every visit. IV. Conceptual Framework The figures shown are the main factors on how to achieve customer satisfaction based on the problems en countered by the Jollibee foods Corporation. V. Statement of the ProblemGeneral Problem The purpose of this study is to how to keep the customer satisfaction of Jollibee Foods Corporation. The study intends to fill such weaknesses in the proponents found. 1. Availability of the product. 2. How to handle customer. 3. Quality of the product served. 4. Cleanliness and condition of the store VI. Null Hypothesis The study shows that there is no relevance between the social status of the customer and the way they communicate and react with the services given by the company. Significance of the studyThis study will be as a pract ical guideline for the company, especially the front liner department (counter and dining staff). The outcome of this study will develop the service quality of the front liner staff in order to meet with the customers & needs and their satisfaction. If the result showed the high score, the owner would be happy with the service. In contrast, if the result showed the low score, the owner would improve the service and arrange training program. Chapter II A. Related Literature 1. Foreign LiteratureSome trace the modern history of fast food in America to July 7, 1912, with the opening of a fast food restaurant called the  Automat  in New York. The Automat was a cafeteria with its prepared foods behind small glass windows and coin-operated slots. Joseph Horn and Frank Hardart had already opened the first  Horn & Hardart  Automat in Philadelphia in 1902, but their â€Å"Automat† at Broadway and 13th Street, in New York City, created a sensation. Numerous Automat restaurants were built around the country to deal with the demand.Automats  remained extremely popular throughout the 1920s and 1930s. The company also popularized the notion of â€Å"take-out† food, with their slogan â€Å"Less work for Mother†. Some historians and secondary school textbooks concur that  A&W, which opened in 1919 and began franchising in 1921, was the first fast food restaurant (E. Tavares). Thus, the  American  company  White Castle  is generally credited with opening the second fast-food outlet in  Wichita, Kansas  in 1921, selling hamburgers for five cents apiece from its inception and spawning numerous competitors and emulators.What is certain, however, is that White Castle made the first significant effort to standardize the food production in, look of, and operation of fast-food hamburger restaurants. William Ingram's and Walter Anderson's White Castle System created the first fast food supply chain to provide meat, buns, paper goods, and ot her supplies to their restaurants, pioneered the concept of the multistate hamburger restaurant chain, standardized the look and construction of the restaurants themselves, and even developed a construction division that manufactured and built the chain's prefabricated restaurant buildings.The McDonalds' Speedee Service System and, much later, Ray Kroc's McDonald's outlets and Hamburger University all built on principles, systems and practices that White Castle had already established between 1923 and 1932. The  hamburger  restaurant most associated by the public with the term â€Å"fast food† was created by two brothers originally from  Nashua, New Hampshire. Richard and Maurice McDonald  opened a  barbecue  drive-in  in 1940 in the city of  San Bernardino, California.After discovering that most of their profits came from hamburgers, the brothers closed their restaurant for three months and reopened it in 1948 as a walk-up stand offering a simple menu of hamb urgers,french fries,  shakes,  coffee, and  Coca-Cola, served in disposable paper wrapping. As a result, they could produce hamburgers and fries constantly, without waiting for customer orders, and could serve them immediately; hamburgers cost 15 cents, about half the price at a typical  diner. Their streamlined production method, which they named the â€Å"Speedee Service System† was influenced by the  production line  innovations of  Henry Ford.By 1954, The McDonald brothers' stand was restaurant equipment manufacturer  Prince Castle's biggest purchaser of milkshake blending machines. Prince Castle salesman  Ray Kroc  traveled to California to discover why the company had purchased almost a dozen of the units as opposed to the normal one or two found in most restaurants of the time. Enticed by the success of the McDonald's concept, Kroc signed a franchise agreement with the brothers and began opening McDonald's restaurants in Illinois. By 1961, Kroc had bought out the brothers and created what is now the modern  McDonald's Corporation.One of the major parts of his business plan was to promote cleanliness of his restaurants to growing groups of Americans that had become aware of food safety issues. As part of his commitment to cleanliness, Kroc often took part in cleaning his own  Des Plaines, Illinois  outlet by hosing down the garbage cans and scraping gum off the cement. Another concept Kroc added was great swaths of glass which enabled the customer to view the food preparation, a practice still found in chains such as  Krispy Kreme.A clean atmosphere was only part of Kroc's grander plan which separated McDonald's from the rest of the competition and attributes to their great success. Kroc envisioned making his restaurants appeal to suburban families. At roughly the same time as Kroc was conceiving what eventually became McDonald's Corporation, two Miami, Florida businessmen, James McLamore and David Edgerton, opened a fr anchise of the predecessor to what is now the international fast food restaurant chain  Burger King.McLamore had visited the original McDonald's hamburger stand belonging to the McDonald brothers; sensing potential in their innovative  assembly line-based production system, he decided he wanted to open a similar operation of his own. The two partners eventually decided to invest their money in  Jacksonville, Florida-based Insta-Burger King. Originally opened in 1953, the founders and owners of the chain, Kieth J. Kramer and his wife's uncle Matthew Burns, opened their first stores around a piece of equipment known as the Insta-Broiler.The Insta-Broiler oven proved so successful at cooking burgers, they required all of their franchises to carry the device. By 1959 McLamore and Edgarton were operating several locations within the  Miami-Dade  area and were growing at a fast clip. Despite the success of their operation, the partners discovered that the design of the insta-bro iler made the unit's heating elements prone to degradation from the drippings of the beef patties. The pair eventually created a mechanized gas grill that avoided the problems by changing the way the meat patties were cooked in the unit.After the original company began to falter in 1959, it was purchased by McLamore and Edgerton who renamed the company Burger King. While fast food restaurants usually have a seating area in which customers can eat the food on the premises, orders are designed to be  taken away, and traditional table service is rare. Orders are generally taken and paid for at a wide counter, with the customer waiting by the counter for a tray or container for their food. A â€Å"drive-through† service can allow customers to order and pick up food from their cars.Nearly from its inception, fast food has been designed to be eaten â€Å"on the go† and often does not require traditional  cutlery  and is eaten as a finger food. Common menu items at fast food outlets include  fish and chips,  sandwiches,  pitas,  hamburgers,  fried chicken,  french fries,  chicken nuggets,  tacos,  pizza, and  ice cream, although many fast food restaurants offer â€Å"slower† foods like  chili, mashed  potatoes, and  salads. 2. Local Literature The first  fast food  outlets were really the neighborhood stalls selling rice and cooked dishes. These  stores  were and are called â€Å"turo turo†, literally point-point.It is highly possible that a chain of these stores, owned by an enterprising housewife, could have 2 or more locations within the same vicinity, manned by a sister or any member of the family. Technically, that will be a chain of fast food outlets. If you mean Western-menu chains, KFC opened in 1967. In 1975 Mr. Tony Tan and his family opens a Magnolia Ice cream parlor at Cubao. This is later to become the 1st Jollibee Outlet. Brown Derby had up to 3 branches of a burger-and-shakes operation in the postwar period but that has dwindled to a lone takeout stand near the QC-Manila boundary.For ice cream confections, you'll have to look into the history of Magnolia, Selecta (the original) and DQ. But if you also include Chinese restaurants that served porridge, noodle soup and steamed buns fast (as well as an oniony burger sandwich), the history of Ma Mon Luk, Charlie Wanton and Kowloon House might interest you. B. Related Studies 1. Foreign Studies Through the years, McDonald's remained the world's top quick service restaurant. With more than 33,000 branches in more than 120 countries around the globe, McDonald's has served billions of customers since its first restaurant in 1955.McDonald's history began even before the onset of the Second world war when brothers Dick and Mac McDonald started a drive-in restaurant business in Riverside California. Their menu was composed simply of 10-cent hamburgers and other drive-in products. After the war, the brothers opened a new type of restaurant in San Bernardino, California, where a little hamburger man called â€Å"Speedee† became the company's symbol Dick's and Mac's endeavors proved so successful that other operators sought out franchises from them.In 1954 Ray Kroc exclusive sales distributor for Multimixer intrigued by the brother's â€Å"Speedee System† visited the latter in San Bernardino, Upon his return to Chicago, Kroc obtained the exclusive licensing rights to the brothers system and had become heir National Franchise Agent in April of the same year construction began on the first restaurant in what was called the Mcdonald's System Inc. The famous Golden Arches arrived in the Philippines in 1981 when George T. Yang president of McGeorge Food Industries was awarded franchising privilege in the country by McDonald's international.The first store opened in the busy university area of Morayta while the second was established in the prime commercial area of Cubao beside New Frontier Theate r. And now as they say, the rest is history. With the desire of providing Filipino customers with high quality food and service that meet global standards, George T. Yang, opened the first McDonald's store along Morayta, Manila in 1981. Since then, McDonald's has introduced so many innovations that captured the hearts of the Filipinos. It was McDonald's who first offered the Value Meals and the Happy Meal. It was McDonald's who first provided employment opportunities for students.And it was McDonald's who first played an active role in helping out in the community through McDonald's Charities. These and so many other â€Å"firsts† are the reasons for McDonald's phenomenal growth! Today, with Kenneth S. Yang at the helm, McDonald's is now a multi-billion-peso company with almost 274 stores nationwide! And still counting! 2. Local Studies Who would have guessed that a giant cartoon bee character could become the national symbol for delicious, affordable and fast food in the Phi lippines? Well, that’s what  began in 1975  when Tony Tan Caktiong opened an ice cream shop in Cubao, Quezon City.The results of his efforts has been nothing short of phenomenal. Though  Jollibee began as an  ice  cream parlor, it was the move to diversify to more types of food like hamburgers  that really put  them on the map. In every major area in the Philippines, one can count on multiple Jollibee’s being around, ready to serve you a Yumburger, ChickenJoy, or your own personal favorite. In less than 10 years, in 1984, Jollibee reached the 500 million piso sales milestone. Another 5 years later in 1989, Jollibee accomplished another amazing feat – reaching the 1  billion  piso sales mark – and being the first fast food chain in the Phlippines to do so.Other notable accomplishments include becoming   part of the top 100 corporations in the Philippines in 1987, and becoming the first food service company to be listed in the Philippine Stock Exchange. The prestigious award of â€Å"World Entreprenuer of the Year† was given to founder Tony Tan Caktiong in 2004 for the inspiring work he’s done. Additionally, the Far Eastern Economic Review  has judged  Jollibee as â€Å"The Most Admired Company† in the Philippines  over  the last 6 years. What’s the secret to the success of Jollibee? Is it the creative marketing and unique branding they’ve pioneered in the the realm of fast food?Is it the focus on traditional Filipino culture and the fact that they try to still seem a â€Å"local favorite† despite the fact that they’re the nation’s most prevalent restaurant? I’d say it’s a combination of all these things and more. Jollibee has indeed revolutionized the fast food industry in the Philippines. Today they satisfy the apetites of Filipinos everywhere with  600 stores in the Philippines and over 30 international stores. C. Hypothesis Summary of Study This study shown the problems encountered in Jollibee Foods Corporation and the problems they usually encounter when it comes to customer satisfaction.According to the research Jollibee usually encountered irate customers especially if they have to wait for the product they ordered. Most of the customers are not willing to wait for the said product and end up on canceling the order. The management team has brought up solution to this problem. They have established answers to the problems they are encountering and ensure that these problems are well taken care of. Specifically the study will attempt to answer the following: 1. How do the respondents’ profile be described in terms of: 1. Quality of food served 2. Quality of the service given by the management and crew . Cleanliness and condition of the store 4. Age 5. Gender 6. Civil Status 7. Educational Attainment 8. Economical Status 9. Religion 1. What problems are being encountered by the respondents? 2. What sugg estions are offered by the respondents to improve the services given by the company? Chapter III Research Methodology and Procedure This chapter will present detailed idea about the research will be conducted. This includes the purpose of the research, data collection method. Data Gathering Procedure There are two major approaches to gathering information about a situation, person problem or phenomenon.Sometimes, information required is already available and only need to be extracted. However there are times when the information must be collected. Based upon these broad approaches to information gathering data are categorized as: Secondary data and Primary data. Secondary data are collected from secondary sources such as govt. publications, personal records, and primary data are collected through: observation, interviews and/or questionnaires. Data collection procedure in qualitative research involved three basic types: Observations, Interviews, and Documents. In this study quantita tive survey is used as data collection method.Since the aim of the study is classifying service quality dimensions in dining experience from the customers’ point of view, the main focus thus is customer. A questionnaire was prepared to get idea about the customer’s experiences in dine-in. About 10 persons out of 15 users replied. A survey is a procedure used to collection primary data from individuals. The data sought can range from beliefs, opinions, attitudes and lifestyles to general background information on individuals such as gender, age, education and income as well as customers point of view in dinning experience.Surveys are used when the research involves collecting information from a number of individuals The questionnaire was developed based on research question and frame of reference. The logical structure of questionnaire followed the order of service quality dimension in the frame of reference. For understanding the importance and satisfaction of each ser vice quality dimension a 5 scale was used ( 5= very satisfied, 4= satisfied, 3= neutral, 2= poor, 1= very poor). Frequency & Percentage of distribution of respondents in terms of over all rating on dinning experience Over all rating |Frequency |Percentage | |Very Satisfied |6 |60 | |Satisfied |1 |10 | |Neutral |1 |10 | |Poor |2 |20 | |Very Poor |0 |0 | |Total |10 |100 |

Thursday, November 7, 2019

The Royal Road of the Achaemenids in Darius Empire

The Royal Road of the Achaemenids in Darius Empire The Royal Road of the Achaemenids was a major intercontinental thoroughfare built by the Persian Achaemenid dynasty king Darius the Great (521–485 BCE). The road network allowed Darius a way to access and maintain control over his conquered cities throughout the Persian empire. It is also, ironically enough, the same road that Alexander the Great used to conquer the Achaemenid dynasty a century and a half later. The Royal Road led from the Aegean Sea to Iran, a length of some 1,500 miles (2,400 kilometers). A major branch connected the cities of Susa, Kirkuk, Nineveh, Edessa, Hattusa, and Sardis. The journey from Susa to Sardis was reported to have taken 90 days on foot, and three more to get to the Mediterranean coast at Ephesus. The journey would have been faster on horseback, and carefully placed way stations helped speed the communication network. From Susa the road connected to Persepolis and India and intersected with other road systems leading to the ancient allied and competing kingdoms of Media, Bactria, and Sogdiana. A branch from Fars to Sardis crossed the foothills of the Zagros mountains and east of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, through Kilikia and Cappadocia before reaching Sardis. Another branch led into Phyrgia. Not Just a Road Network The network might have been called the Royal Road, but it also included rivers, canals, and trails, as well as ports and anchorages for seaborne travel. One canal built for Darius I connected the Nile to the Red Sea. An idea of the amount of traffic that the roads saw has been gleaned by ethnographer Nancy J. Malville, who examined ethnographic records of Nepali porters. She found that human porters can move loads of 60–100 kilograms (132–220 pounds) a distance of 10–15 kilometers (6–9 miles) per day without the benefit of roads. Mules can carry loads of 150–180 kg (330–396 lbs) up to 24 km (14 mi) per day; and camels can carry much heavier loads up to 300 kg (661 lbs), some 30 km (18 mi) per day. Pirradazish: Express Postal Service According to the Greek historian Herodotus, a postal relay system called pirradazish (express runner or fast runner) in Old Iranian and angareion in Greek, served to connect up the major cities in an ancient form of high-speed communication. Herodotus is known to have been prone to exaggeration, but he was definitely impressed with what he saw and heard. There is nothing mortal that is faster than the system that the Persians have devised for sending messages. Apparently, they have horses and men posted at intervals along the route, the same number in total as the overall length in days of the journey, with a fresh horse and rider for every day of travel. Whatever the conditions- it may be snowing, raining, blazing hot, or dark- they never fail to complete their assigned journey in the fastest possible time. The first man passes his instructions on to the second, the second to the third, and so on. Herodotus, The Histories Book 8, chapter 98, cited in Colburn and translated by R. Waterfield. Historic Records of the Road As you might have guessed, there are multiple historical records of the road, including such as Herotodus who mentioned the royal waystations along one of the best-known segments. Extensive information also comes from the Persepolis Fortification Archive (PFA), tens of thousands of clay tablets and fragments incised in cuneiform writing, and excavated from the ruins of Darius capital at Persepolis. Much information about the Royal Road comes from the PFAs Q texts, tablets which record the disbursement of specific travelers rations along the way, describing their destinations and/or points of origin. Those endpoints are often far beyond the local area of Persepolis and Susa. One travel document was carried by the individual named Nehtihor, who was authorized to draw rations in a string of cities through northern Mesopotamia from Susa to Damascus. Demotic and hieroglyphic graffiti dated to Darius Is 18th regnal year (~503 BCE) has identified another important segment of the Royal Road known as Darb Rayayna, which ran in North Africa between Armant in the Qena Bend in Upper Egypt and the Kharga Oasis in the Western Desert. Architectural Features Determining Darius construction methods of the road is somewhat difficult since the Achmaenid road was built following older roadways. Probably most of the routes were unpaved but there are some exceptions. A few intact sections of the road which date to Dariuss time, such as that at Gordion and Sardis, were constructed with cobblestone pavements atop a low embankment from 5–7 meters (16–23 feet) in width and, in places, faced with a curbing of dressed stone. At Gordion, the road was 6.25 m (20.5 ft) wide, with a packed gravel surface and curbstones and a ridge down the middle dividing it into two lanes. Theres also a rock-cut road segment at Madakeh which has been associated with the Persepolis–Susa road, 5 m (16.5 ft) wide. These paved sections were likely limited to the vicinities of cities or the most important arteries. Way Stations Even ordinary travelers had to stop on such long journeys. A hundred and eleven way-posting stations were reported to have existed on the main branch between Susa and Sardis, where fresh horses were kept for travelers. They are recognized by their similarities to caravanserais, stops on the Silk Road for camel traders. These are square or rectangular stone buildings with multiple rooms around a broad market area, and an enormous gate allowing parcel- and human-laden camels to pass under it. The Greek philosopher Xenophon called them hippon, of horses in Greek, which means they probably also included stables. A handful of way stations have been tentatively identified archaeologically. One possible way station is a large (40x30 m, 131x98 ft) five-room stone building near the site of Kuh-e Qale (or Qaleh Kali), on or very close to the Persepolis–Susa road, known to have been a major artery for royal and court traffic. It is somewhat more elaborate than would have been expected for a simple travelers inn, with fancy columns and porticoes. Expensive luxury items in delicate glass and imported stone have been found at Qaleh Kali, all of which leads scholars to surmise that the site was an exclusive way station for wealthier travelers. Travelers Comfort Inns Another possible but less fancy way station has been identified at the site of JinJan (Tappeh Survan), in Iran. There are two known near Germabad and Madakeh on the Pesrpolis–Susa road, one at Tangi-Bulaghi near Pasargadae, and one at Deh Bozan between Susa and Ecbatana. Tang-i Bulaghi is a courtyard surrounded by thick walls, with several smaller ancient buildings, which fits other types of ancient buildings but also caravanserais. The one near Madakeh is of similar construction. Various historic documents suggest that there were likely maps, itineraries, and milestones to aid travelers in their journeys. According to documents in the PFA, there were also road maintenance crews. References exist of gangs of workmen known as road counters or people who count the road, who made sure that the road was in good repair. There is also a mention in the Roman writer Claudius Aelianus De natura animalium indicating that Darius asked at one point that the road from Susa to Media be cleared of scorpions. Archaeology of the Royal Road Much of what is known about the Royal Road comes not from archaeology, but from the Greek historian Herodotus, who described the Achaemenid imperial postal system. Archaeological evidence suggests that there were several precursors to the Royal Road: that portion which connects Gordion to the coast was likely used by Cyrus the Great during his conquest of Anatolia. It is possible that the first roads were established in the 10th century BCE under the Hittites. These roads would have been used as trade routes by the Assyrians and Hittites at Boghakzoy. Historian David French has argued that the much later Roman roads would have been constructed along the ancient Persian roads as well; some of the Roman roads are used today, meaning that parts of the Royal Road have been used continually for some 3,000 years. French argues that a southern route across the Euphrates at Zeugma and across Cappodocia, ending at Sardis, was the main Royal Road. This was the route taken by Cyrus the Younger in 401 BCE; and it is possible that Alexander the Great traveled this same route while conquering much of Eurasia in the 4th century BCE. The northern route proposed by other scholars as the main thoroughfare has three possible routes: through Ankara in Turkey and into Armenia, crossing the Euphrates in the hills near the Keban dam, or crossing the Euphrates at Zeugma. All of these segments were used both before and after the Achaemenids. Sources Asadu, Ali, and Barbara Kaim. The Acheamenid Building at Site 64 in Tang-E Bulaghi. Achaemenet Arta 9.3 (2009). Print. Colburn, Henry P. Connectivity and Communication in the Achaemenid Empire. Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 56.1 (2013): 29–52. Print.Dusinberre, Elspeth R. M. Aspects of Empire in Achaemenid Sardis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003. Print.French, David. Pre- and Early-Roman Roads of Asia Minor. The Persian Royal Road. Iran 36 (1998): 15–43. Print.Malville, Nancy J. Long-Distance Transport of Bulk Goods in the Pre-Hispanic American Southwest. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 20.2 (2001): 230–43. Print.Stoneman, Richard. How Many Miles to Babylon? Maps, Guides, Roads, and Rivers in the Expeditions of Xenophon and Alexander. Greece and Rome 62.1 (2015): 60–74. Print.Sumner, W. M. Achaemenid Settlement in the Persepolis Plain. American Journal of Archaeology 90.1 (1986): 3–31. Print.Young, Rodne y S. Gordion on the Royal Road. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 107.4 (1963): 348–64. Print.

Tuesday, November 5, 2019

The Best Volunteer Abroad Programs You Should Try

The Best Volunteer Abroad Programs You Should Try SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips By now you probably know that one thing colleges want to learn about you is how you spend your free time. Did you spend high school sitting around playing video games? Or did you get out, actively involve yourself in an activity and your community, and make a difference? One way of doing just that has become increasingly popular over the past several years: volunteering abroad. Read on for more on why students volunteer abroad, tips for choosing a volunteer abroad program, and our pick of some of the best volunteer abroad programs out there. Why Do Students Volunteer Abroad? There are many reasons that high school students choose to volunteer abroad. Some are looking for a unique volunteering opportunity that they think they can’t get at home. Going abroad to volunteer serves a dual purpose for many students: it allows them to combine a vacation and a little world exploration with also bettering their resumes for college. Students use volunteer abroad programs to see new cultures from the inside – or at least, from a different perspective than they would normally have on vacation sitting in a hotel room. Many volunteer abroad programs allow students to interact with (and sometimes live with) people from another culture. Students feel that this helps them develop tolerance, widen their world views, and become more independent and adventurous. Many students also like the idea that they're giving back while having fun. There are all sorts of programs out there to suit different interests: you could be working with animals, helping the environment, or teaching children how to read. It gives students a sense of accomplishment when they can actually see the difference they're making in someone else’s lives. Why not do that while also seeing a new part of the world? The Reality About Volunteer Abroad Programs Of course, many of the benefits of volunteer abroad programs can also be achieved by volunteering at home. You can still expose yourself to a new culture and learn how other people experience life. You can still make a difference that you can see every day. You’ll still be able to use your skills to make an impact in another person’s life and simultaneously build your college resume. And you can be more certain that you aren’t falling for a volunteer abroad scam that’s doing more harm than good. In fact, many colleges will look more favorably on local volunteer work than volunteering abroad. This is largely for all the reasons I stated above – colleges would rather see you volunteering because you are actually passionate about the work you are doing and the community you are helping, rather than trying to boost your resume while on vacation. But that doesn’t mean that you shouldn’t volunteer abroad. It can still be an amazing experience. But when you do it, choose a program wisely. So How Should I Choose a Program? Considering the above, there are a few rules that you should follow when choosing a volunteer abroad program. Rule 1: Be Honest with Yourself About Your Intentions Why do you really want to do this program? Is it just so that you’ll have something cool to put on your college application? Is it because you want to travel but not feel like you're wasting your time? Answering these questions honestly will keep you from wasting your money and someone else’s time. The desire to travel and learn about another culture is fantastic in and of itself. So if this is your main aim, try doing something else, like a study abroad program. It will allow you to make the most of your travel time and budget, and will also ensure that the people who go abroad to volunteer are actually interested in making an impact in their chosen projects. If you're just looking to bolster your resume, try volunteering at home. As explained above, colleges will look more highly on longer-term, local community service work, than they will on a brief project undertaken abroad. In the meantime, you’ll be saving yourself a bundle of money as well. Rule 2: Be Prepared for the Costs of the Program Volunteer abroad programs vary a lot in cost. They can range from a couple hundred dollars to several thousand. Make sure that if you do decide to spend the money on a volunteer abroad program, that it’s going to be a good use of your money. Be sure to ask yourself if you wouldn’t be better off volunteering locally and saving the money for college. Furthermore, it’s important to consider where the money is actually going in the project you're undertaking. Will most of the money be spent on transportation? On fun activities? On lining the pockets of the program coordinator? Or will it be going directly to helping a community? Most companies will not advertise these numbers publicly because they know the numbers won’t impress people. Make sure that part of your research of your programs includes calling them up and asking for this information. Once you know how much of your money will be going to the program, also ask yourself if the community would be better off if you just donated the full amount. But money isn’t the only cost of these kinds of programs. There can be large emotional tolls, as well. Are you prepared to immerse yourself in another culture? Can you adapt to extreme differences in living conditions and lifestyles? Are you a picky eater? Can you stand to be away from your family and friends for a long period of time? Can you handle interacting with people severely affected by poverty and illness? You won’t be of much use to anyone if being outside of your comfort zone is going to massively affect your productivity. So be honest with yourself before you sign up to try something as potentially challenging as one of these programs. Rule 3: Choose a Program That Will Benefit the Community This is the other side of the cost breakdown mentioned above. It’s important to understand how the money you're spending is going to help the community you will be involved in. It’s also important to understand if you're actually going to be doing work that will make a difference, or if you'll be doing work that makes you feel good but has little other real benefit. Do research and read reviews on the different programs to make sure they're legitimate and are actually helping out communities in need. Beware of volunteer abroad programs that are vacation in disguise, and those that are harmful scams. Rule 4: Choose a Program You Are Passionately Interested in If you choose a program that you're actually passionately interested in, it will usually be something that is reflected in your other interests, as well. You should try to pick a program that relates to interests that you already have, and ideally, that you have expressed elsewhere in your extracurricular activities at home. For example, say you love growing vegetables in your garden, and you're becoming increasingly interested in organic farming. A volunteer abroad program that allows you to explore your specific interest would be a good choice for you. Rule 5: Choose a Cause You Can Continue Working With Also, try to pick a program with a cause you can continue working for once you return home. Colleges want to see significant and sustained commitment to a certain area. So if you choose a volunteer abroad program that helps out endangered wildlife, follow it up by working at a local animal shelter once you get back, or become an advocate for local wildlife. Rule 6: Choose a Program That Will Challenge You Though you don’t want to aim for emotional burnout, at the same time you should choose a program that will expose you to new things, immerse you in a foreign culture, and force you to think about the world in a different way. For example, I knew several people in high school who went on youth group trips to build houses in Central America. The programs allowed them to interact almost exclusively with their friends the entire time, and exposed them very little to the local culture. At the end of the day, they had little understanding of why they were building houses, whom the houses were going to benefit, and if the work they had done had taken away potential jobs from the local community. If, in researching, the program seems to add little value to the local community and won’t allow you to get a good understanding of the problems and culture of the country you're visiting, there isn't much point in going. Instead, choose a program that will allow you to have a unique understanding of another culture, or will develop an interest in international relations or social justice. Now that you know what’s important in choosing a volunteer abroad program, here is a roundup of some of our favorites. These all cover a wide range of interests that many high school students have. They all have good programs for developing those interests, and would allow you to pursue similar volunteer work once you are back home. The Best Volunteer Abroad Programs for High School Students For students interested in sustainable living and organic farming†¦ Program Name: WWOOF: World Wide Opportunities on Organic Farms What is it? Students live with host families around the world while learning about organic lifestyles. You’ll be expected to help out in farming activities such as sowing seed, gardening, cutting wood, harvesting, wine making and cheese making for 4 – 6 hours per day in exchange for accommodation and food. Who is it for? Students who are 17 and older who are interested in organic farming and sustainable lifestyles, and also want to work and be part of a local community. Where is it? The program is worldwide! Countries throughout Europe, Africa, the Americas, and Asia participate. How long is the program? The length is negotiated directly with your host family. Stays can be as short as two weeks but can also last for several months. How much does it cost? Membership in WWOOF costs up to $72, plus the costs of traveling to your host’s location. Why do we like it? Students get complete cultural immersion through living with a host family and involving themselves in the local economy. They learn practical sustainable farming skills that they can continue to use when they're back home. How can you continue it back home? Organic farms are popping up throughout the country, and WWOOF also operates throughout the United States, which would give you ample opportunities to continue to pursue this interest once you get back. For students interested in language immersion and/or teaching English†¦ Program Name: SPI Abroad’s Costa Rica Immersion Program What is it? A chance to live in Costa Rica like a local, while getting an intensive immersion experience. You will live with a local family. Monday through Friday, students will attend level-appropriate intensive Spanish classes at a local language institute. They will also spend time 3 days per week volunteering in the local communities. Some examples of volunteer work include home repair, public works projects, working with youth, and nature preservation. Who is it for? High school students who are specifically looking for a language intensive experience. Where is it? Costa Rica How long is the program? 2 weeks or one month How much does it cost? $3,695 - $6,995 Why do we like it? Students get total cultural immersion through living with a host family. They also get the chance to further understand the culture by studying the local language. The volunteer projects are varied and can be tailored to suit students’ individual interests. How can you continue it back home? You can continue volunteering while using your Spanish skills. Many non-profits needs volunteers with language skills so that they can reach out to different underrepresented communities. Depending on the specific volunteer work you do, you may want to volunteer with youth programs or an environmental program. Program Name: Global Works France Language Immersion and Service Adventure What is it? Volunteers spend their time working with local French teens on volunteer projects, such as restoring the grounds of an 11th-century castle, helping maintain migration routes, and teaching English at summer camps. Students will have the opportunity for a 10-day homestay with a French family to complete the immersion experience. There are also many opportunities to learn about French culture. Who is it for? Students grades 9 – 12 who want a French immersion experience. Where is it? France How long is the program? 4 weeks How much does it cost? $6,995 Why do we like it? Students get to mingle with local teens, which is one of the most effective ways of getting to understand a new culture. They can further the cultural immersion through homestays with family. The volunteer projects are undertaken in collaboration with like-minded local students. How can you continue it back home? You can continue volunteering while using your French skills. Many non-profits need volunteers with language skills so that they can reach out to different underrepresented communities. You can volunteer locally to help preserve local cultural artifacts. You can also consider tutoring French. Program Name: Broad Reach West Indies French Immersion What is it? An intensive language immersion program on an island where English isn't spoken. You will take French classes in a language school, have a homestay with a local family, and do community service such as cultural exchange with local students, working in the local youth group â€Å"Ka zot ka fe†, and helping teach key English phrases to local workers. Who is it for? Grades 9 – 11 with at least one year of high school level French. Where is it? Several islands in the French West Indies How long is the program? 3 weeks How much does it cost? $5,980 Why do we like it? Students get opportunities for cultural and language immersion through classes and a homestay. Students help open up new business opportunities for local business owners by helping them to learn business English. How can you continue it back home? You can continue volunteering while using your French skills. Many non-profits need volunteers with language skills so that they can reach out to different underrepresented communities. You should also consider tutoring French and working in a local youth group. For students interested in sports†¦ Program Name: UVolunteer Teaching Sports in Thailand What is it? Many schools in Thailand can’t afford to have PE programs. You’ll be working in elementary schools and high schools in Trat as a PE coach. If you're interested in a certain sport, you can teach that, or you can teach general PE classes to help kids learn about teamwork and physical fitness. Who is it for? Teens aged 17 and older. Where is it? Thailand How long is the program? 2 weeks or more How much does it cost? $685 + Why do we like it? Students live in a small dorm in the middle of a Thai community out of the way of tourist areas. Students report being able to spend extensive time getting to know the groups of local families that surround them, which leads to great cultural immersion. Students get to interact daily with teachers and students, so they can experience first-hand the educational system of another country. How can you continue it back home? Continue volunteering in sports by coaching a youth sports team in your community or at your old grade school. For students interested in wildlife conservation†¦ Program Name: Go Eco What is it? GoEco was founded by experienced volunteers to give students opportunities to volunteer worldwide to help the environment and wildlife. Some trips include working in an elephant village in Thailand, working for Great White Shark conservation in South Africa, and an African wildlife rehabilitation center in Zimbabwe. Who is it for? Teens and others interested in working to help the environment. Where is it? Worldwide. How long is the program? Programs range from 2 to 12 weeks. How much does it cost? Programs start at $550. Why do we like it? Many of the programs start with a language-learning program, which allows volunteers to get more fully immersed with the local culture once the program begins. Many of the programs partner with local conservation groups so that students are working alongside locals to help fulfill their goals. How can you continue it back home? There are a lot of opportunities to get involved cleaning up your communities, raising awareness about eco-friendly practices, or working to help local animals at shelters. Program Name: GVI Greece Marine Conservation Awareness What is it? Join a group of international volunteers as they work to conserve endangered loggerhead turtles that live in the sands of Greek beaches. You’ll get to do various conservation projects, such as recording nesting activity, protecting hatchlings, and raising awareness. Who is it for? This program is specifically aimed at students aged 15 – 17. Where is it? Greece. How long is the program? 2 – 4 weeks How much does it cost? From $3,390. Why do we like it? Volunteers report a rigorous schedule of science lectures and conservation activities, from which they are able to see immediate and large results. Though working with an international group, volunteers also get to visit small local towns to interact with locals and get cultural immersion. How can you continue it back home? There are a lot of opportunities to get involved cleaning up your communities, raising awareness about eco-friendly practices, or working to help local animals at shelters. For students interested in art†¦ Program Name: Art Relief International What is it? Art Relief International works with struggling people in Chiang Mai, Thailand, by offering them the means to express themselves through art. Volunteers from a range of backgrounds help out with constructing new art projects, writing to donors, and working with the local community on art projects. Who is it for? People of all ages who are interested in art, art therapy, music, writing, teaching, graphic design, and fundraising. Where is it? Thailand How long is the program? You should plan to spend at least three weeks. How much does it cost? From $1,799. Why do we like it? Volunteers work closely with local community partners to create workshops and learn to communicate while lacking a common language. The focus is on doing work that benefits local non-profit organizations and collaborating with them to make long-term programs that they can continue using once the volunteers have left. How can you continue it back home? Take this as an opportunity to develop your artistic and leadership skills, and then bring that back to your home community. See if you can worked with disadvantaged groups or local youth groups to help people express themselves through art or music. For students interested in law and business†¦ Program Name: Law Business in China for Teens What is it? You will be given an overview of the Chinese legal system, and then spend your time visiting law firms and legal departments. Help research case studies, proofread documents, and increase cultural understanding. Who is it for? Teens aged 16 – 19 with an interest in law Where is it? Chengdu, China How long is the program? 2 weeks How much does it cost? $3,270 Why do we like it? Students get to work alongside local professionals, which allows for great cultural exchange. The work students do is directly applicable to careers they can pursue in the future. How can you continue it back home? Volunteer with a non-profit’s legal team to see how law can be used to make a positive impact in your own community. Program Name: Human Rights in South Africa for Teens What is it? Spend two weeks in South Africa living with a host family and working with locals in townships, while learning about how their lives are affected by poverty, crime, and racism. Work with local civil rights activists to learn about how they have solved problems in the past and discuss how to address continuing social justice issues. Who is it for? Students ages 16 – 19 who are considering a career in human rights Where is it? Cape Town, South Africa How long is the program? 2 weeks How much does it cost? $3,445 Why do we like it? Students get to work alongside local professionals, which allows for great cultural exchange. The work students do is directly applicable to careers they can pursue in the future. How can you continue it back home? Volunteer with a local non-profit that is committed to solving community problems like racism and poverty. For students interested in public health and medicine†¦ Program Name: Broad Reach Belize Wilderness Emergency Medicine What is it? Students will be trained and receive certification as a Wilderness First Responder and also get CPR certification. The courses will count towards 3 college credits in health science. Afterwards, you will work with La Loma Luz Hospital and the local communities on educational campaigns and other work such as assisting with medical paperwork, taking blood pressure and other vitals, and creating a week-long health campaign. Who is it for? Students grades 10 – 12 with an interest in medicine. Students must be over the age of 16. Where is it? Belize How long is the program? 22 days How much does it cost? $5,480 Why do we like it? Students get to work alongside local professionals, which allows for great cultural exchange. The work students do is directly applicable to careers they can pursue in the future, and the skills learned are easily transferred to volunteer projects back home. How can you continue it back home? Consider volunteering in a local hospital or a free health clinic to continue to provide necessary services to people who can least afford them. Program Name: Public Health in Tanzania for Teens What is it? Learn about public healthcare in a developing country. You will spend your time doing medical outreach work alongside local doctors and nurses, such as educating children in orphanages about the importance of washing their hands. You will also be able to assist doctors where possible. Who is it for? Teens ages 16 - 19 Where is it? Arusha, Tanzania How long is the program? 2 weeks How much does it cost? $2,970 Why do we like it? Students get to work alongside local professionals, which allows for great cultural exchange. The work students do is directly applicable to careers they can pursue in the future, and the skills learned are easily transferred to volunteer projects back home. How can you continue it back home? Consider volunteering in a local hospital or a free health clinic to continue to provide necessary services to people who can least afford them. For students interested in journalism†¦ Program Name: GLA Photography and Journalism Program What is it? GLA (Global Leadership Adventures) is developing a program for students who dream of one day working for National Geographic or a similar publication and who want to get real experience in how journalism can shape international perceptions. GLA operates their programs in non-tourist areas of developing countries. Who is it for? High school students interested in journalism Where is it? Worldwide How long is the program? The programs usually range between one and six weeks. How much does it cost? Programs start around $3,400 Why do we like it? Though the program is still in development, GLA has a strong reputation for placing students in non-touristy villages where they get large exposure to local culture and are able to work closely with staff members from their host country. GLA also has a unique leadership mentoring program, which pushes students to reflect on how they can use the skills they have learned to continue making a difference once they return home. How can you continue it back home? Get involved in your school or community newspaper. For students interested in archaeology†¦ Program Name: Archaeology in Romania for Teens What is it? Work at a classical archaeological site in Brasov, Romania. You’ll spend time doing excavations, analyzing findings, attending workshops, and conducting presentations. Who is it for? Teens 16 – 19 years old who have an interest in Eastern Europe, classical civilizations, and history. Where is it? Romania How long is the program? 2 weeks How much does it cost? $3,445 Why do we like it? Projects Abroad allows volunteers to stay with host families for cultural immersion while learning practical excavation, analysis and reporting skills that they can use in future jobs. The money paid for the project goes towards making sustainable long-term conservation and community service projects around the world. How can you continue it back home? Consider volunteering with a museum if you're interested in history and learning about past civilizations. You can also start showing interest in your studies (such as taking Latin classes). Program Name: Inca Projects and Archaeology in Peru for Teens What is it? Work outdoors on archaeological activities in the Inca’s Sacred Valley of Peru. You’ll be working with local archaeological experts to help uncover Incan ruins, and will also help run community projects with the other volunteers. Who is it for? Teens aged 16 – 19. Where is it? Peru How long is the program? 2 weeks How much does it cost? $2,970 Why do we like it? Projects Abroad allows volunteers to stay with host families for cultural immersion while learning practical excavation, analysis and reporting skills that they can use in future jobs. The money paid for the project goes towards making sustainable long-term conservation and community service projects around the world. How can you continue it back home? Consider volunteering in a museum. Depending on where you live, some museums may have volunteer positions that will allow you to continue studying Native American cultures. Review: How to Find the Right Program for You Don’t see something on this list that speaks to your interests? Try searching online for programs that relate to something you're passionate about. There are hundreds of volunteer abroad programs, and chances are good that there will be one that will allow you to develop one of your passions. Remember the key things to look out for when you're choosing a program: Understand where the money will be going and how you will be benefiting the local community Choose something that will allow you to pursue a passion or academic interest Find a program that will let you work in an area that you can continue working in back home Try something that will challenge you to learn and grow A bit of research and review reading should let you know if you've found a volunteer abroad program that’s worth pursuing. What’s Next? Not sure if volunteering abroad is for you? Check out our article on the benefits of volunteering abroad. If you’re interested in something more local, check out the 9 best places to do community service. Already volunteered? Read this guide to how to get a good community service letter. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now: